Ayin Dekalogu

Ayin Dekalogu (veya Ayinsel Dekalog, Küçük Ahit kodu) Çıkış 34:11-26 'da verilen emirlerin listesidir. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe'nin teklifini benimseyen yüksek eleştiri ekolünden din bilimciler, On Emir olarak da bilinen Çıkış 20:2-17 ve Tesniye 5:6-21 'deki "Etik" veya "Ahlaki Dekalog" ile kıyaslamaktadır. İnanışa göre, Ahit'teki din "ayinsel"den "etik"e doğru evrim geçirmiştir ve metinde ters gözükse dahi "Ayin Dekalogu" "Etik Dekalog"dan önce yazılmıştır.^[1]^[2]^[3] Diğer din bilimciler, Çıkış 34'teki ayetleri "küçük Ahit kodu" olarak adlandırmaktadır; düşünüşe göre küçük Ahit kodu, On Emir ile aynı zamanlarda yazılmış olup ya İsrail dininin farklı bir fonksyonuna hizmet ediyordu ya da Antik Yakın Doğu dini metinlerinden etkilenilmişti.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Yunanca dekalog (δέκα λόγοι) ve İbranice aseret ha-dvarim (עשרת הדברים) "On Emir" anlamına gelmektedir.

^ Levinson, Bernard M. (July 2002). "Goethe's Analysis of Exodus 34 and Its Influence on Julius Wellhausen: The Pfropfung of the Documentary Hypothesis". Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 114 (2): 212–223
^ "There is another and, acc. to many OT critics, older version of the 'Ten Words' preserved in Exod. 34:11-28, where much more emphasis is laid on ritual prescriptions." (Cross & Livingstone 1997)
^ "There are two lists of pithy prohibitions in Exod. 20:1-17 (paralleled in Deut. 5:6-21) and in Exod. 34:11-26 that occupy pivotal points in the theophany and covenant texts. The lists of Exodus 34 and Deuteronomy 5 are called "ten commandments" in the biblical text (cf. Exod 34:27 and Deut. 4:13; 10:4), and that title, or the equivalent Latin term Decalogue, has traditionally been applied to the list of Exodus 20/Deuteronomy 5. Biblical scholars often distinguish the Exodus 20/Deuteronomy 5 list from the Exodus 34 list on the basis of content by referring to the former as the Ethical Decalogue and the latter as the Ritual Decalogue." (The Hebrew Bible: A Brief Socio-Literary Introduction. Norman Gottwald, 2008:118)
^ Julius Morgenstern 1927 The Oldest Document of the Hexateuch HUAC volume IV
^ Yehezkel Kaufmann 1960 The Religion of Israel: from its beginnings to the Babylonian Exile translated and abridged by Moshe Greenberg. New York: Shocken Press. 166
^ John Bright 1972 A History of Israel Second Edition. Philadelphia: the Westminster Press. 142, 164, 166

[1] Levinson, Bernard M. (July 2002). "Goethe's Analysis of Exodus 34 and Its Influence on Julius Wellhausen: The Pfropfung of the Documentary Hypothesis". Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 114 (2): 212–223

[2] "There is another and, acc. to many OT critics, older version of the 'Ten Words' preserved in Exod. 34:11-28, where much more emphasis is laid on ritual prescriptions." (Cross & Livingstone 1997)

[3] "There are two lists of pithy prohibitions in Exod. 20:1-17 (paralleled in Deut. 5:6-21) and in Exod. 34:11-26 that occupy pivotal points in the theophany and covenant texts. The lists of Exodus 34 and Deuteronomy 5 are called "ten commandments" in the biblical text (cf. Exod 34:27 and Deut. 4:13; 10:4), and that title, or the equivalent Latin term Decalogue, has traditionally been applied to the list of Exodus 20/Deuteronomy 5. Biblical scholars often distinguish the Exodus 20/Deuteronomy 5 list from the Exodus 34 list on the basis of content by referring to the former as the Ethical Decalogue and the latter as the Ritual Decalogue." (The Hebrew Bible: A Brief Socio-Literary Introduction. Norman Gottwald, 2008:118)

[ReferenceA-4] Julius Morgenstern 1927 The Oldest Document of the Hexateuch HUAC volume IV

[5] Yehezkel Kaufmann 1960 The Religion of Israel: from its beginnings to the Babylonian Exile translated and abridged by Moshe Greenberg. New York: Shocken Press. 166

[6] John Bright 1972 A History of Israel Second Edition. Philadelphia: the Westminster Press. 142, 164, 166

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